Indonesia membangun
kedaulatan pangan sebagai strategi untuk mencegah krisis pangan. Membangun
kedaulatan pangan dapat dilakukan melalui peningkatan produksi pangan dan pengurangan
konsumsi, disertai pembangunan perdesaan terpadu. Membangun kemandirian dan kedaulatan
pangan merupakan strategi untuk mencegah krisis pangan dan mengentaskan masyarakat
tani dari kemiskinan.Solusi bagaimana pembangunan kedaulatan
pangan guna mengurangi pangan impor yang selama ini membanjiri pasar Indonesia
yang berdampak pada kesejahteraan petani lokal yang makin menurun?. Praktek
impor pangan sebenarnya menunjukkan bahwa tidak mampu mencapai tujuan
meningkatkan produksi pangan nasional sebagaimana diharapkan. Menurut data
Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS), laju permintaan terhadap pangan terus meningkat
rata-rata lima persen setahunnya. BPS men catat, selama Januari-Oktober 2013,
secara volume impor pangan mencapai 15,4 juta ton atau setara dengan 7,73
miliar dolar AS. Memenuhi kebutuhan bagi petani khususnya dan masyarakat pada umumnya rencana
pembangunan mesti bijak, baik dan benar
sehingga dapat mengoptimalkan potensi dan meminimalkan resiko yang ada untuk
mewujudkan perikehidupan masyarakat sejahtera, adil dan makmur. Kebutuhan yang besar jika tidak diimbangi
peningkatan produksi pangan justru menghadapi masalah bahaya latent yaitu laju
peningkatan produksi di dalam negeri yang terus menurun. Begitu juga halnya
dengan kenaikan harga kedelai pada saat ini, diperlukan solusi jangka panjang
dan tidak hanya instant untuk memenuhi permintaan konsumen dalam negeri dan
tidak hanya ketergantungan akan impor. Sebagai salah satu contoh dimana
produksi kedelai nasional tampak mengalami kemunduran yang sangat
memprihatinkan. Sejak tahun 2000, kondisi tersebut semakin parah, dimana impor
kedelai semakin besar. (Sources media terkait dan artikel, data diolah F. Hero
K. Purba).
Ketahanan pangan dapat diartikan sebagai kemampuan
pemerintah dalam menyediakan kebutuhan pangan dan kebutuhan pokok masyarakat.
Sebagai artian bahwa menyediakan ini tidak sama dengan memproduksi bahan pangan
sebagaimana yang dimaksudkan dalam kedaulatan pangan. Kenyataannya kita tidak merasa percaya sebagai negara agraris yang
mengandalkan pertanian sebagai tumpuan kehidupan bagi sebagian besar
penduduknya tetapi pengimpor pangan yang cukup besar. Hal ini akan menjadi
hambatan dalam pembangunan dan menjadi tantangan yang lebih besar dalam
mewujudkan kemandirian pangan bagi bangsa Indonesia. Dalam hal ini perlu
peningkatkan sistem produktivitas yang lebih baik lagi serta menerapkan
kebijaksanaan dalam Management Stock Pangan. Dalam krisis pangan dunia ada dua
hal yang perlu dilakukan secara simultan, dimana, kita harus keluar dari dua
jebakan anomali kebijakan yang dapat membekukan kinerja pertanian dalam jangka
panjang. Diversifikasi pangan sudah sering digaungkan tetapi penerapan dan
implimentasi kebijakan ke depan yang perlu dipikirkan rencananya. Diversifikasi
pangan secara program telah ada sejak 1970-an, tetapi aksinya adalah upaya
untuk mengindustrialisasikan dan menyediakan aneka ragam produk pangan. Sering
dengan peningkatan infrastruktur fisik pertanian terutama irigasi, sistem
transportasi, telekomunikasi dan energi di desa; pengembangan kelembagaan
agribisnis termasuk dukungan pemerintah hingga level teknis dan penguatan
jejaring usaha; rekonstruksi. Hal ini merupakan suatu hal yang harus disingkapi
dengan seksama dan gerakan yang membumi dalam pelaksanaannya. Eksplorasi dalam potensi
genetik aneka ragam tanaman yang masih belum optimal tampak pada kesenjangan
hasil petani dan hasil produktivitas di luar negeri atau hasil dalam penelitian.
Dalam hal ini teknologi pemuliaan telah mengalami kemajuan yang cukup berarti
dalam menciptakan berbagai varietas unggul berpotensi produksi tinggi.
Perlu diperhatikan dengan rendahnya penerapan dalam
teknologi budidaya tampak dari besarnya kesenjangan potensi produksi
dari hasil penelitian dengan hasil di lapangan yang diperoleh oleh petani. Hal
ini disebabkan karena pemahaman dan penguasaan penerapan paket teknologi baru
yang kurang dapat dipahami oleh petani secara utuh sehingga penerapan teknologinya
sepotong-sepotong (Mashar, 2000). Begitu juga halnya seperti penggunaan pupuk
yang tidak tepat, bibit unggul dan cara pemeliharaan yang belum optimal
diterapkan petani belum optimal karena lemahnya sosialisasi teknologi, sistem
pembinaan serta lemahnya modal usaha petani itu sendiri. Gerakan kemandirian
dalam program pangan berkelanjutan harus lebih diperhatikan kembali, dengan apa
yanga kan dicita-cita dalam kembali terwujud di negara kaya seperti Indonesia
dalam pencapaian swasembada berkelanjutan.
Indonesia to build food sovereignty as a strategy to prevent
food crisis. Build food sovereignty can be done through increased production and reduction of food
consumption, accompanied by integrated rural development. Building self-reliance and food sovereignty as a strategy to prevent and alleviate
the food crisis of peasant society kemiskinan.Solusi how the development of
food sovereignty in order to reduce
food imports that
have been flooding the Indonesian
market that have
an impact on the welfare of local
farmers decreasing ?. Practice shows
that the actual food
imports are not able to achieve the goal of increasing national food production as expected. According to the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), the rate of demand for food
continues to increase an average of five
per cent per annum. BPS established a record, during January-October, 2013, the volume of food imports reached
15.4 million tons,
equivalent to 7.73 billion dollars.
Meet the need for
farmers in particular and society in general development plan must be wise, good and
right so as to optimize the
potential and minimizing risks
to people's life to
realize a prosperous, just and
prosperous. The need is great if not offset
the increase in food production also faced the problem of
latent danger that the rate of increase in domestic production continues
to decline. So is the case with
soybean price increases at this time, need
long-term solutions and not just instant to meet consumer demand in the country and not only the
dependence on imports. As one example where
the national soybean production seem very
alarming setback. Since 2000, the condition is getting worse, where the
larger soybean imports. (Sources
and related media
articles, the data are processed F. Hero K. Purba).
Food security can be defined as the ability of governments to provide basic food needs and the needs of the community. As the sense that it does not provide the same to produce food as intended in food sovereignty. In fact we do not feel confident as an agricultural country that relies on agriculture as the foundation of life for the majority of the population but a large enough food importer. This will be a bottleneck in the development and become a greater challenge in realizing self-sufficiency for Indonesia. In this case the need to increase the productivity of the system better and exercise discretion in Food Stock Management. In a world food crisis there are two things that need to be performed simultaneously, which, we have to get out of the two traps policy anomalies that can freeze agricultural performance in the long run. Diversification has often echoed but the Implementation of policy implementation and to consider future plans. The diversification program has been around since the 1970s, but the action is an attempt to industry and provide a variety of food products. Often the improvement of physical infrastructure, especially irrigation farming, transportation systems, telecommunications and energy in the village; institutional development of agribusiness including the level of government support to the strengthening of technical and business networking; reconstruction. This is a matter that should be carefully disingkapi and movement grounded in practice. Exploration of the genetic potential of a variety of plants that are still not optimal results seen in the gap and productivity gains farmers abroad or research results. In this case breeding technology has undergone significant progress in creating a variety of high-yielding varieties of potential production.
Food security can be defined as the ability of governments to provide basic food needs and the needs of the community. As the sense that it does not provide the same to produce food as intended in food sovereignty. In fact we do not feel confident as an agricultural country that relies on agriculture as the foundation of life for the majority of the population but a large enough food importer. This will be a bottleneck in the development and become a greater challenge in realizing self-sufficiency for Indonesia. In this case the need to increase the productivity of the system better and exercise discretion in Food Stock Management. In a world food crisis there are two things that need to be performed simultaneously, which, we have to get out of the two traps policy anomalies that can freeze agricultural performance in the long run. Diversification has often echoed but the Implementation of policy implementation and to consider future plans. The diversification program has been around since the 1970s, but the action is an attempt to industry and provide a variety of food products. Often the improvement of physical infrastructure, especially irrigation farming, transportation systems, telecommunications and energy in the village; institutional development of agribusiness including the level of government support to the strengthening of technical and business networking; reconstruction. This is a matter that should be carefully disingkapi and movement grounded in practice. Exploration of the genetic potential of a variety of plants that are still not optimal results seen in the gap and productivity gains farmers abroad or research results. In this case breeding technology has undergone significant progress in creating a variety of high-yielding varieties of potential production.
It should be noted with the poor
level of the cultivation
technology looks of the wide gap potential production
of research results with the results obtained
in the field by
farmers. This is due to the understanding and mastery
of the application of new technology packages that can not be understood by farmers as a whole so
that the application of the
technology in fragments (Mashar,
2000). It's the same as the improper use of
fertilizers, seeds and maintenance means
that farmers have
not been optimally applied
is not optimal because of the lack of dissemination of technology,
guidance systems as well as poor farmers venture capital
itself. Independence movement in the sustainable
food program should
be considered again,
with what right
Yanga aspired goals
in the return realized
in rich countries
such as Indonesia in achieving sustainable self-sufficiency.